Study designs of evaluations included in the review
Case-control studies (n=14), prospective cohort study (n=1) and ecological studies (n=1) were included.
Specific interventions included in the review
Whole grain consumption (wholegrain bread or pasta, wholemeal bread, non-white bread, brown bread, crisp bread).
Participants included in the review
People with colorectal, gastric and endometrial cancer and CHD were included, plus their respective controls.
Outcomes assessed in the review
The outcomes assessed were colorectal, gastric and endometrial cancer and CHD.
How were decisions on the relevance of primary studies made?
Not stated, but the articles were selected based on the occurrence of phrases 'wholegrain' or 'wholemeal' and 'cancer' or 'coronary heart disease'.