Study designs of evaluations included in the review
Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were eligible.
Specific interventions included in the review
The type and duration of the interventions used in the included studies varied. Most had more than one of the following components: counselling, personal visits or sessions with various providers, phone contact, mailed materials, manuals, booklets, letters, pamphlets, video tapes, audio tapes, newsletters, goal setting, buddy support and clinic staff support.
Participants included in the review
The inclusion criteria were not explicit. However, by implication the eligible participants were pregnant smokers. Most of the included studies were conducted in the USA. The included studies were conducted in higher and lower income populations.
Outcomes assessed in the review
Studies reporting validated (no details given) smoking cessation outcomes in late pregnancy were eligible.
How were decisions on the relevance of primary studies made?
The author does not state how the papers were selected for the review, or how many of the reviewers performed the selection.