Randomised controlled studies (RCTs), prospective controlled studies, retrospective studies, case series and case reports that assessed the effectiveness of frenotomy for the treatment of ankyloglossia in relation to breastfeeding problems in children under six months old were eligible for inclusion in the review.
Most included studies were case reports. Infants were treated with frenotomy or left untreated. Types of outcome measures varied between studies, but most studies included some measure of maternal nipple pain, feeding, tongue mobility and/or infant growth.
Two reviewers independently assessed the eligibility of studies. Any disagreements were resolved through discussion and consensus.