Double blind, randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with intention-to-treat or per protocol data on patients aged at least 18 years, where at least 90% had primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension, were eligible for inclusion in the review. Patients receiving systemic or ocular medication that could affect intraocular pressure, and those without intraocular laser surgery within the past three months, were excluded.
The outcome of interest was the mean intraocular pressure change between baseline and three months (or after one to six months of treatment where data were not available at three months).
The mean age range of included patients was between 58.8 and 66.5 years, and the proportion of females ranged from 51.5% to 62.5%. The interventions of interest were monotherapies comprising the prostaglandin analogues latanoprost (0.005%, Pfizer inc, New York, NY), travoprost (0.004%, Alcon Inc, Fort Worth, Texas), or bimatoprost (0.03%, Allergan Inc, Irvine, California) administered as one drop per day between six PM and 10 PM. The majority of included trials compared bimatoprost with latanoprost. Three or more diurnal intraocular pressure time point measurements were used (8 AM ± 2; 12 PM ± 2; 4 PM ± 2, and/or 8 PM ± 2). Not all trials provided data on all time points. Tolerability was assessed as patient-reported conjunctival hyperaemia at three months (or after one to six months of treatment if data were not available at three months).
Two independent reviewers selected the papers for inclusion in the review. Disagreements were resolved by consensus.