Ten studies (n=202, two RCTs n=83 and eight observational studies n=119) and nine case reports (n=15 for PIN and n=3 for AIN) were included.
Pooled mean complete response rates for RCTs and observational studies were 51% for VIN, 70% for PIN and 48% for AIN. Pooled mean partial response rates were 25% for VIN, 30% for PIN and 34% for AIN. Response rates were 16% for VIN, 0% for PIN and 36% for AIN.
The rate of patients who withdrew due to severe side-effects ranged from 0% to 42%. Common side effects were erythema, soreness, itching, burning, ulceration and flu-like symptoms.