Studies of mass media campaigns and/or social media campaigns promoting regular moderate-intensity physical activity in adults were eligible for inclusion. Media could be paid or unpaid. Studies that focused on clinical populations, qualitative methods, children/adolescents and those that did not report evaluable data were excluded. The relevant outcomes were dose, exposure, awareness, physical activity related knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, intention, physical activity behaviour and campaign costs.
The included studies considered physical activity campaigns conducted in USA, Australia, Canada, Belgium, South America and New Zealand. Types of media included television commercials, public service announcements, radio commercials, billboards, paid and unpaid print media inserts, bus packs and wraps, print media, website traffic, public health activities, policy and environmental change. Campaign durations ranged from eight weeks to more than two years.
The authors did not state how many reviewers performed study selection.