Studies that assessed the effectiveness of an intervention that included asthma controller medication (such as inhaled corticosteroid medication) for adults with asthma were eligible for inclusion. Adherence to inhaled corticosteroid treatment was the outcome of interest.
In the included studies, the number of chronic care management components varied between studies. Most studies included one component (self-management or delivery system design); the remainder included two components (self-management and delivery system design) or four components (self-management plus decision support, delivery system design, and clinical information systems). The duration of the interventions varied from one 30 minute session to more than 12 hours. Most of the participants had moderate to severe asthma. Participants age ranged from 35 to 50 years (where reported). The proportion of women ranged from 52% to 73%. Measurements of adherence were self-reporting, pharmacy refill rates, general practitioner audits, or medication monitoring devices.
Two reviewers independently selected studies for inclusion.