Nationwide, the extra equipment costs of performing laparoscopic surgery would be $28,160,000. Extra training costs would also be incurred the authors state, but the value of this is not estimated. The cost of the side-effects of treatment (i.e. re-operations) is estimated to be $3,520,000. The difference in the costs of the two treatments to the hospital, in terms of charges (quoted from another study) is $1,500 saved per patient, with laparoscopic surgery. This difference in hospital charges when applied to all potential patients (a cohort of 70,400 patients) is a saving in charges of $105,600,000. Indirect costs are estimated to be a saving of $65,000,000 in favour of laparoscopy because of a faster return to work.