The costs associated with pregabalin treatment may not compare favourably with that of generic gabapentin. However, gabapentin is not approved for the treatment of NeP by Health Canada. While pregabalin appears to be an effective treatment for NeP, there is no evidence that it offers advantages compared with other treatments being used in Canada. The long-term effects of treating NeP with pregabalin are largely unknown, because long-term RCTs are unavailable. Comparative cost and consequence data from head-to-head trials with recommended therapies are needed to define pregabalin s place in NeP therapy.