There is limited scientific evidence (Evidence Grade 3)* indicating that computer-based CBT has favorable, short-term effects on symptoms in the treatment of panic disorder, social phobia, and depression. The scientific evidence is insufficient* to assess the effects of treatment on obsessive-compulsive disorder and mixed anxiety/depression. The scientific evidence is insufficient* to assess the cost effectiveness of the method. It is essential to clarify how patients should be selected for treatment and the role of computer-based CBT in relation to other treatment options. Studies with a more representative selection of participants and with longer followup periods are needed to enable more reliable conclusions on the effects and costs of using the method within the health services.