No important differences were found between DM and TM in terms of sensitivity, cancer detection rate and positive predictive value, regardless of the design’s validity. The results on specificity, percentage of carcinomas in situ, recall rate and percentage of biopsies showed greater discrepancies among the studies. Therefore, it cannot be concluded that there is a clear advantage of a type of mammography over the other one. Finally, there was not found data about the comparison of screening with DM and TM in terms of mortality and other health outcomes.