Seventeen studies (number of participants unclear), reporting 25 sets of 2x2 data (some studies reported data for multiple tests), were included.
CT (8 studies): the sensitivity ranged from 55 to 95% and the specificity from 39 to 100%. The pooled sensitivity and specificity were 81% (95% CI: 68, 90) and 76% (95% CI: 62, 87), respectively.
US (7 studies): the sensitivity ranged from 63 to 97% and the specificity from 69 to 100%. The pooled sensitivity and specificity were 87% (95% CI: 76, 93) and 86% (95% CI: 74, 93), respectively.
MRI (5 studies): the sensitivity ranged from 64 to 92% and the specificity from 40 to 81%. The pooled sensitivity and specificity were 81% (95% CI: 65, 91) and specificity were 63% (95% CI: 43, 80), respectively.
USgFNAC (3 studies): the sensitivity ranged from 48 to 90% and the specificity from 98 to 100%. The pooled sensitivity and pooled specificity were 80% (95% CI: 57, 92) and 98% (95% CI: 93, 100), respectively.
Ultra-small particle iron oxide-MRI (2 studies): the sensitivity ranged from 67 to 80% and the specificity from 81 to 94%. The pooled sensitivity and specificity were 74% (95% CI: 44, 91) and 88% (95% CI: 66, 96), respectively.
Summary ROC curves were difficult to interpret as it was not possible to distinguish which lines were assigned to which modality from the small grey-scale illustration.