The following conclusions are based on the current evidence available from this report's critical appraisal of literature published on the effectiveness of cochlear implants at a young age when compared to implantation at an older age for infants and young children.
In general, implantation at a younger age improves the effectiveness of cochlear implantation in terms of audiological performance and communication outcomes.
This is particularly evident when cochlear implantation occurs before the age of 24 months, which is more effective than implantation after 24 months
It is not clear whether implantation prior to the age of 12 months improves effectiveness when compared to implantation after 12 months of age.
Because of the short length of time that implantation has been used in large numbers of infants and young children less than 2 years of age, evidence of an increase in effectiveness is only available for immediate outcomes such as communication skills, and has only been observed up to about 5-8 years after implantation.
It is not clear what effect cochlear implantation at a younger age has on long-term outcomes such as educational achievement, and quality of life.
It is possible that those implanted at an older age (above 24 months) develop at a slower rate but eventually reach equivalent developmental milestones.
