In summary, there are several promising new treatments for the management of head lice including ivermectin, malathion, benzyl alcohol, spinosad, isopropyl myristate, and dimeticone. However, benzyl alcohol has only been shown to be clinically effective compared to placebo. Further RCTs are needed to establish the clinical effectiveness of benzyl alcohol relative to other treatments for head lice. The available evidence suggests that permethrin and ivermectin may be the most clinically effective therapies for scabies. Due to limitations noted in the identified studies, further research is required to establish the clinical effectiveness of emerging therapies for lice and scabies. Most interventions appeared to be well tolerated. One RCT reported seizures in one patient treated with ivermectin for head lice. The majority of the included studies were not powered to detect rare adverse effects. Larger studies and post-marketing surveillance is required to confirm the safety of newer interventions, particularly when used in neonates, the elderly, patients with significant comorbidities, and pregnant or lactating women. There have been reports of neurotoxicity and death with the use of lindane. However, most of these reports occurred following misuse of the product.