Six studies were included for review (n=1,087,874 in forest plot): one RCT (n=24,000 in table and 63,785 in forest plot after adjustment to allow for unit of randomisation); two observational studies (n=680,683); and three before/after studies (n=343,406). Quality of included studies was not assessed, but the authors reported that the quality of many included studies was poor.
Community interventions for sore throat reduced the risk of rheumatic fever by 60% (RR 0.41, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.70). There was evidence of significant statistical heterogeneity (I2=70.5%).